Giải bài tập tiếng Anh 12 - Pearson [Unit 2: Urbanisation]

A. PHONETICS
 
I. 1. B   2. D   3. A   4. C   5. D   6. B   7. D   8. A   9. A  10. B
 
II.
1. Many cities have unreliable /a /eɪ/ power /aʊ/ supplies /ai/, insufficient treatment of wastewater /eɪ/.
 
2. Two decades /eɪ/ ago /əʊ/, urban households /aʊ/ /əʊ/ used simple carbon filters to clean water or boiled /ɔɪ/ it before drinking.
 
3. With steadily declining /aɪ/ water quality, many households /aʊ/ /əʊ/  now use RO  /əʊ/ to purify /ʊə/ /aɪ/ water for drinking.
 
4. The Thai /aɪ/ government /əʊ/ failed /eɪ/ to provide /aɪ/ infrastructure and facilities to support business development in outlying /aɪ/ regions.
 
5. Rural /ʊə/ poor /ʊə/ people migrate /aɪ/ to urban areas /eə/ in search of better economic opportunities.
 
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

I. 1. urbanisation   2. industrialisation   3. management 4. quality 5. Resources
 
II. 1. Urbanisation    2. unemployment    3. sanitation     4 .Slums
5. Densely populated      6. expanding     7. grabs/grabbed
8. switch off          9. deeply-rooted        10. industrialisation
 
III.
1. well-behaved      2. densely populated         3. kind-hearted
4. long-lasting        5. fat-free                          6. down-market
7. thought-provoking   8. long-term       9. up-to-date     10. high-cost
 
VI.  l.be      2. come      3. tell      4. speak  5. write   6. be/ come 7. stay 8. return
 
V.
1. take   2. be named    3. be postponed    4. be permitted     5. be controlled
6. have   7. be            8. know        9. be    10. be built
 
VI. 1. A    2. A    3.B    4. B    5. B    6. A  7. D   8. C   9. A   10.C
 
C. READING

I.
Task 1. 1. T    2. T    3. F    4. F    5. F    6. F    7. F    8. T
Task 2. 1. initiated    2. boom   3. deals    4. transactions   5. preferential   6. debts
 
II.
Task 1. 1. T    2. F    3. T    4. T    5. T    6. F    7. T    8. T
Task 2
1. It is a built-up area such as a town or city.
 
2. The number of people living in urban areas tends to increase.
 
3. It is 90 per cent.
 
4. More and more people are choosing to live on the edge of urban areas - with many relocating to the countryside.
 
5. Because many people will drive their cars into the city centre to get to work and it causes a bottleneck and congestion.
 
6. It means extreme differences between poverty and wealth, as well as in people’s well-being and access to things like jobs, housing and education.
 
7. Because the inner-city is typically a zone with older housing and declining industry.
 
8. They improve the physical environment of the area, the quality of housing, and
the technology in industry.
 
Task 3. 1. inner city    2. bottleneck    3. congestion    4. well-being   
            5. planners      6. physical
 
III. 1. B   2. B   3. A   4. D   5. C   6. B  7.C   8. A   9. D  10. C
 
IV. 1..B   2. A    3. C    4. D   5. C
 
D. SPEAKING
 
1. F   2. C    3. A    4. H    5. E    6. B   7. G   8. D
 
E. WRITING
I.
1. The urban area will rise sharply in the first three decades of the 21^st century.
 
2. Urban areas expands twice as fast as urban population.
 
3. There is a steady increase in greenhouse gas emissions from cities over the past six decades.
 
4. There was a rise of 50% in the percentage of urban population in Asia from 1960 to 2010.
 
5. There has been a rise of 300% in the number of megacities since 1990.
 
II.  1. C    2. E    3. A    4. D    5. B

III.  1. E    2. C    3. B   4. D   5. A
 
TEST 1 (Unit 2)
 
I+II. 1. A    2. C    3. A   4. D   5. B
 
III. 6. D    7. A   8. C   9. B   10. D   11.B   12. D   13. C   14. A   15. B
 
IV. 16. growth   17. poverty   18. opportunities   19. levels   20. productivity
 
V.  21. be supplied    22. have    23. be taken    24. be set    25. be established
 
VI. 26. D   27. B   28. C   29. A   30. B   31. C  32. A   33. D  34. A  35. B
 
VII. 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B
 
VIII. 41. B   42. E    43. G   44. C   45. D
 
IX.
46. Overall, the ratio of urban population goes up continuously, while the rural population ratio experiences a steady fall.
 
47. In 1950, about 90% of the population lived in rural areas compared to over 10% of urban dwellers at the same time.
 
48. The next seven-decade period has seen a steady rise in the urban population and a steady decrease in the rural population.
 
49. In 2020, 36% of the population lives in urban areas, while 64% lives in rural areas.
 
50. In 2043, it is expected that Viet Nam’s urban population will exceed the rural population.
 
TEST 2 (Unit 2)
 
I+II. 1.C    2. D   3. B   4. C   5. A
 
III. 6. B  7.C   8. A   9. C   10. D   11.C  12. B  13. C  14. D  15. A

IV. 16. though-provoking    17. year-round    18. never-ending  19. weather-beaten         20. long-lasting
 
V.   21.A   22. D    23. A   24. A    25. B
 
VI. 26. B   27. A   28. D   29. C   30. B   31. C  32. A   33. D   34. B   35. A
 
VII.  36. D   37. A    38. C   39. A   40. A
 
VIII.  41. C   42. B    43. G   44. A   45. E

46. Continuing population growth and urbanization are expected to add 2.5 billion people to the world’s urban population by 2050, with nearly 90% of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa.
 
47. Most megacities and large cities are located in the northern hemisphere.
 
48. India, China and Nigeria together are expected to account for 37 per cent of the expected growth of the world’s urban population between 2014 and 2050.
 
49. About one eighth of the world’s population lives in the 28 megacities with more than 10 million inhabitants.
 
50. Tokyo is expected to remain the world’s largest city in 2030 with 37 million inhabitants.